Environmental
Occurrence
Drinking Water
| Organism | Location | Concentration | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Giardia | Raw drinking water | 1 cyst in 1.1x10^6 liters | Vasconcelos and Swartz 1976 |
Surface Water
| Organism | Location | Concentration | Reference |
|---|
Sewage
| Organism | Location | Concentration | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Giardia | Theoretical Estimates | 9x10^3-2x10^5 cysts / L | Jakubowski and Ericksen 1979 |
Persistence
| Organism | Location | Concentration | Temperature | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Giardia | Unchlorinated tap water | 100% innactivation @ 24 days | 37°C | Bingham, Jarroll and Meyer 1979 |
| Giardia | Unchlorinated tap water | 100% innactivation @ 31 days | 21°C | Bingham, Jarroll and Meyer 1979 |
| Giardia | Unchlorinated tap water | 100% innactivation @ >77 days | 8°C | Bingham, Jarroll and Meyer 1979 |